Time and Place Professor Ramos Blog

Time and Place In â€Å"There was a Man, There Was a Woman†, Sandra Cisneros recounts to a short anecdote about a man and a lady whose calendars are diverse yet at the same time get an opportunity in interfacing. Consistently and fourth Friday of the month, the man would get paid and the first and third Friday of consistently, the lady would get paid. On their Friday’s, they would go to a Friendly Spot Bar to drink with their companions. The man would drink and drink in order to say all that he was feeling, yet that never occurred. He essentially just drank. The equivalent careful thing occurred with the lady. The two of them would snicker boisterously in the bar. Around evening time when the two of them went to their homes, they had various responses while looking and thinking about a similar moon. At the point when the lady gazed toward the moon with her pale eyes, she cried. At the point when the man was watching the moon, he saw and thought of â€Å"those who had adored or cheris hed kicked the bucket before that equivalent moon, quiet and stunning. The lives of these two individuals were the equivalent however unique planning. Presumptions are made and things are placed into point of view for the peruser. Will they ever meet? Is it true that they are perfect partners? Do they definitely know one another however intentionally have various timetables on purpose? A companion of the lady knew each side and articulation the lady made. It was difficult to never make sense of what the lady had been experiencing. The companion could peruse the lady so effectively as a result of the considerable number of long periods of fellowship they shared. The companion realized the lady superior to her own self. The companion and lady met in secondary school since they had science class together and didn’t know any other person. They shared loads of individual data and happened to be neighbors so they invested a ton of energy at every others houses. â€Å"You coming over?† â€Å"Yeah, I’m as of now on my way† were the lines they said ordinary. At the point when they graduated secondary school, the companion went to a college and the lady went to the military. They attempted to remain in contact on the grounds that the fellowship they had resembled no other. They generally had subjects to discuss in light of the fact that one story would prompt another, etc. At the point when they met, their spirits moved together and time passed by so quick. At the point when the moon would radiate through the windows they realized the time had come to return home. Following a half year in the military, the lady had gotten back home however the companion didn't perceive her. â€Å"What happened?† the companion would ask her. â€Å"Nothing, I’m fine† said the lady all genuine. The lady was there however not so much. The companion realized that she had seen appalling things since her eyes didn’t sparkle like they used to, she was calm and she generally thought of reasons to be separated from everyone else. The companion assisted her adapt to the woman’s misery and following two or three years, she was recuperating. She found another line of work, they moved to an alternate city, and went to a benevolent bar two times per month with different companions just to have a break from everything going on. â€Å"I’m tired of not feeling like myself and I need to get retreat there.† said the lady to her companions. They went to the bar for quite a long time and the lady despite everything felt somewhat void within and needed to relinquish everything that was gobbling up her psyche. She would drink with expectations of the words being simpler to come out yet everytime she had the musings and pictures in her mind at the same time, she would swallow the words away. The lady concealed that for a very long time that her companion didn’t even notification. At the point when the lady would return home, she would gaze up at the moon and consider all the things that she has experienced. Obviously her companion consistently stayed close by yet the one thing that hit home was the cozy inclination she imparted to the moon. A similar moon each night, her entire life. She would vented to the moon since her insider facts were protected and she preferred the possibility of the moon not judging, simply tuning in. It would remain until she nodded off so she discovered solace knowing there was a type of good vitality still with her. She would cry to the moon subsequent to getting back home from the bar in light of the fact that those were where she needs to state what she was feeling yet couldn’t. After a year, the bar was having its tenth commemoration and to praise they were going to have a karaoke night alongside the liquor being at reduced cost so you definitely know bunches of individuals were going to appear. The lady and her companions got to the bar around nine around evening time. The man and his companions went also and got to the bar around ten around evening time. The proprietor of the bar wanted to unite individuals to make some great memories agnd to imaginative valuable recollections. Her bar was a break from reality to everybody. The bar was an entire distinctive condition as a result of all the extraordinary culture and neon lights. The bar was underground so it was alive throughout the night. The proprietor was consistently cheerful and said â€Å"Welcome dears! Join and feel free!† The music moved everybody regardless of whether you didn’t expending anything. The intensity of the air was genuine. The evening of karaoke, heaps of individuals showed up and you could feel the vitality stream all through your body. The lady was feeling ecstasy and with her companions close by, it was such a clashing second since she was miserable the second was going to end yet upbeat that it was going on. The man was not feeling energized even with his companions close by. He would drink until he thought he had the fearlessness to communicate however unfortunately, that sentiment of articulation never came out. He had been feeling unfilled and alone for some time now. Subsequent to cutting off an association of three years, he didn’t figure he could discover genuine love once more. His loved one began to give some warnings and the man realized better to cut off the association despite the fact that it was going to hurt. The man strolled around the bar with his companions and when the man pivoted to return for another beverage, there she was†¦ the lady. They bolted eyes the second they saw one another and everything was moderate movement and the foundation out of nowhere seemed more brilliant like in the motion pictures. They resembled magnets since they were gradually strolling towards one another without knowing it. At the point when the two of them woke up they promptly began to talk. Obviously they were somewhat modest from the outset and they even gagged on their words. The man began with â€Å"Sorry to crawl on you like that† and the lady differ on the grounds that she felt a similar way. â€Å"No stresses, are you from around here?† the lady said with a major grin all over. The discussion took off from here as you could envision. They disclosed to one another their timetable and were moved in light of the fact that they had been setting off to similar places yet various occa sions for quite a while. Effectively looking great so far, the man generously said â€Å"You wanna go dance?† and the lady cheerfully agreed.â In the wake of a difficult night of moving and chuckling, the two of them returned home and without knowing it, they were taking a gander at the moon. Discreetly talking into reality and offering gratitude for the afternoon. The lady felt harmony thinking possibly he’s the one. The man felt harmony thinking possibly she’s the one.

Irish Home Rule free essay sample

This paper inspects why Irish Home Rule was at long last acknowledged in 1914 and not previously, true to form. This article takes a gander at why the Irish Home Rule bill was acknowledged in 1914, and why it was dismissed before in both 1886 and 1893. The creator talks about the political circumstance of the time in Britain and Ireland, analyzing intently the significant individuals and gatherings included and why they went to the choices they showed up at. The issue of Home Rule and other Irish issues overwhelmed British governmental issues during the late nineteenth century and mid twentieth century, yet it because permitted to command was on the grounds that the British parliament and populace was not inspired by Ireland, or tackling its issues. Land Acts were passed, intimidation fizzled and government assistance support was moderate and unwieldy, incompletely hampered by being a minority gathering, the Irish Nationalists were continually going to think that its difficult to get the full advantages pushed through to propel Ireland further. We will compose a custom article test on Irish Home Rule or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In a parliament where the Tories were not inspired by Irish issues and the Lords overwhelmed by Tories, the main party Irish Nationalists could pick up help from was the Liberals and they were part over the Irish Question.

You Heard It Here First

You Heard It Here First So last Friday, Baker House hosted their annual rock concert, Mega Band Party Plus. Each year, they host a big concert in their dining hall where they have a bunch of bands come bring down the house at the lovely cost of $0 for all the students. This years lineup included: Chicken Slacks The Howl Adrian Emberley and the Ladykillers Michael Dylan and the Sleepwalkers My freshman year, the headlining band was Piebald. They went on to become the greatest band of all time (well, not quite) but they did make a brief stint on MTV2. Just a few pictures from the concert. Another big concert coming in April will be Cake and unnamed opening act. Rumor has it that it will be matt pond PA. Well just have to wait and see about that though. Last fall, Hot Hot Heat came to campus. Last spring, we had Fabulous and Lloyd Banks. And the spring of my freshman year, we had Live. Next year, Im pushing for Chers 17th farewell tour or a Spice Girls reunion concert. Zigga Zig Ah. Post Tagged #Baker House

Analysis Of The Meursault - 1091 Words

Amanda Glassman English 12 10/20/15 Meursault Portrays a Teenager As I stood overlooking the edge of a steep, mountainous cliff, I noticed the waves gradually growing taller. In Hawaii, on this particular day, the waves seemed choppier than normal. Out of fear, I automatically associated the bottom of the cliff with death. On the other hand, my friend had a different mentality. Her eyes glistened as she gazed down. I could see her eagerness to dive straight into the ocean. Without even holding her breath, she was gone. However, her decision was not surprising to me. Like my friend, many teenagers live a day-to-day basis by sayings such as, â€Å"life’s too short† and â€Å"you can never get second chance.† These mottos often cling to juveniles, causing them to make rash and careless decisions. In today’s day and age, teenagers are the one group of people that portray this reckless behavior. Although frowned upon in society, existentialism is commonly found in many pieces of literature. This theory usually highlights man’s existence with society and the world. Like teenagers, the characters in these books and stories are usually displayed as emotionless and disconnected to the world. In The Stranger, by Albert Camus, the protagonist, Meursault, perfectly fits the image of an existentialist. In this book, Camus creates realistic scenarios that Meursault undergoes, however, wants each reader to react differently to Meursault’s actions. The language of the novel is abruptShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Way Meursault 1335 Words   |  6 PagesThe way Meursault reacts to his surroundings throughout the first part of the book is especially noticeable in chapter 1. Within this chapter, you may notice that he talks more about the setting of places and the moods of others than he does his own emotions. The story starts off with Meursault stating that his mother died that day. Following this, he attends a vigil which he says is fifty miles away. Instead of telling us how he feels about the loss of his mother, he proceeds to tell us that heRead MoreAnalysis Of Meursault In The Stranger831 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book The Stranger, by Albert Camus, the main character Meursault has lot going on in his life that he doesn’t seem to care about too much. His mother or â€Å"maman† passes away and he shows a severe lack of emotion before and during the funeral. When thinking about marriage he is not adamant about getting married he is just simply ok with it. The lack of emotion shown is puzzling however, in the final passage of part 1, Meursault consumes himself with the physical world, rather than the emotionalRead MoreAnalysis Of Meursault A Stranger To Society1026 Words   |  5 PagesMeursault, a man living in Algiers, takes a bus to Marengo to attend his mother’s funeral after receiving a telegram. After the funeral, he seems unaffected by her death and he briefly describes his outing with Marie, his co-worker. Later on, he meets Raymond, an abuser of women, and agrees to go with him to his friend’s beach house. There, he gets entangled in a ruthless murder, and is ultimately sentenced to death. During his last hours, Meursault realizes how meaningless and pointless life isRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Meursault In The Novel The Stranger752 Words   |  4 Pages Albert Camus in his novel, The Stranger, shows a genuinely interesting character, Meursault. In the beginning Meursault is depicted to appear as unethical and cruel, through him not showing no grief at his mother’s funeral. However, Camus, throughout the story builds up a considerably more engaging character that portrays more human-like emotions. At the end, Meursault character changes because he leaves off with a sympathetic feel towards him and is left off with thoughtful reflections and revelationsRead MoreLiterary Analysis: How Meursault Is Indifferent in the Stranger, by Albert Camus874 Words   |  4 PagesLiterar y analysis: How Meursault is indifferent in The Stranger, by Albert Camus Although Meursault is the title character and narrator of Albert Camus’ short novel The Stranger, he is also a somewhat flat character. His apparent indifferent demeanor may be a convenience to Camus, who mainly wanted to display his ideas of absurdism. And as a flat character, Meursault is not fully delineated: he lacks deep thought and significant change. His purpose is that of a first-person narrator whose actionsRead MoreTitle and Character Analysis of The Stranger by Albert Camus784 Words   |  3 PagesThe Stranger: Character and Title Analysis In Albert Camus’, The Stranger, the characters in the novel are individually unique in ways that bring out the positive and negative aspects of each other. When examining their traits you get the deeper meaning of things and what they stand for. The major characters in this novel are Meursault, Raymond Sintes, and Marie Cardona. Meursault shows no emotion through everything that goes on in his life such as a death. Raymond Sintes is a rude person and onlyRead MoreAlberts Aimless Absurdity898 Words   |  4 PagesIn Albert Camus’ novella, The Stranger, he exposes his beliefs on absurdism through the narration of Meursault. Camus’ definition of absurdism is a philosophy based on the belief that the universe is illogical and meaningless. Camus, founder of absurdism and French Nobel Prize winning author, sends the reader his underlying theme that life is meaningless and has no ulti-mate significance. This underlying theme of life’s absurdity is extremely per sonal to Camus through his own individual experiencesRead MoreThe Stranger By Albert Camus1365 Words   |  6 PagesCamus uses routinesituations to demonstrate how the protagonist, Meursault is not just another ordinary individual. Camus depicts Meursault as an independent being, disinterested in his surroundings, contrasting him with the majority of his peers. Meursault traverses the entire novel, exhibiting little to no emotion. Instead, he displayscharacteristics synonymous to someone suffering from psychopathy. Regardless of the situation, Meursault refrainsfrom assigning meaning or significance to his environmentRead MoreEssay On The Stranger1010 Words   |  5 Pages The Stranger Essay The Stranger by Albert Camus is an analysis of the human psychosis if it was isolated and apathetic. Throughout the story, our protagonist, Meursault, tells the story of his life after his mother’s death and his experiences with everyday routines. Meursault explains to the reader only the surface of what he is feeling; despite that, as a reader, one is able to view his mind directly and closely. Meursault has all the power in this book because it is his life and mind. He is ableRead MoreThe Individual Versus His Environment in The Stranger and Grendel1674 Words   |  7 Pagesmultifaceted nature of literature, analysis thereof is prone to generalization. One of the most grievous generalizations oft encountered involves failing to distinguish between a character and the novel it inhabits. Take John Gardener’s Grendel and Albert Camus’s The Stranger, for instance. It’s far too easy, when analyzing for dominant ideologies, to slap them both with the label of existentialism and be done with it. However, closer scrutiny indicates that whilst both Meursault and Grendel are existential

A List of The Iliad Characters

The Iliad is attributed to Homer, although we dont know for sure who wrote it. It is thought to describe characters and legends traditionally dated to the 12th century BCE, passed down orally, and then written by a poet or bard identified as Homer who lived during the Archaic Age in Greece  in the 8th century BCE. Major Characters Here are major characters, both mortal and immortal, from The Iliad: Achilles:  The hero and subject of the epic poem. Achilles  brought his troops known as the Myrmidons, was insulted by the leader of the Achaean (Greek) forces, and was sitting out the war until his close friend Patroclus was killed. Achilles then went after the man he blamed for the death, Hector, the prince of Troy.Aeneas:  The nephew of King Priam of Troy, a son of Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite. He shows up with a much bigger part in the epic poem The Aeneid, by Vergil (Virgil).Agamemnon:  Leader of the Achaean (Greek) forces and the brother-in-law of the beautiful Helen, formerly of Sparta, now of Troy. He makes some hard choices, like sacrificing his daughter Iphigenia at Aulis to provide wind for his ships sails.Ajax the greater: The son of Telamon, who is also the father of the best Greek bowman, Teucer. After Achilles death, Ajax wants his armor thinking he deserves it as the second greatest of the Greek warriors.Ajax the lesser: The son of Oilean and the leader of the Locrians. He rapes Cassandra, prophetess daughter of Hecuba and Priam.Andromache: The wife of Trojan Prince Hector and the mother of a young son named Astyanax who features in touching scenes. Later Andromache becomes Neoptolemus war-bride.Aphrodite:  The love goddess who won the apple of strife that started things in motion. She helps her favorites in the fray, is injured, and discusses matters with Helen.Apollo:  The son of Leto and Zeus and the brother of Artemis. Hes on the Trojan side and sends plague arrows to the Greeks.Ares: The war god Ares was on the side of the Trojans, fighting disguised as Stentor.Artemis: The daughter of Leto and Zeus and the sister of Apollo. She, too, is on the side of the Trojans.Athena:  The daughter of Zeus, a powerful goddess of war strategy; for the Greeks during the Trojan War.Briseis:  The source of ill-feeling between Agamemnon and Achilles. Briseis had been awarded to Achilles as a war-prize, but then Agamemnon wanted her beca use he had been obliged to give up his.Calchas:  The seer who told Agamemnon that he had angered the gods and must fix things by returning Chriseis to her father. When Agamemnon obliged, he insisted that he receive Achilles prize Briseis instead.Diomedes:  An Argive leader on the Greek side. Diomedes wounds Aeneas and Aphrodite and routs the Trojans until the son of Lycaon (Pandarus) hits him with an arrow.Hades: Is in charge of the Underworld and hated by mortals.Hector:  The lead Trojan prince whom Achilles kills. His corpse is dragged around in the sand (but by the grace of the gods, without destruction) for days while Achilles vents his grief and anger.Hecuba:  Hecuba is the Trojan matriarch, mother of Hector and Paris, among others, and wife of King Priam.Helen: The face that launched a thousand ships.Hephaestus: The blacksmith of the gods. In return for an old favor from the nymphs, Hephaestus makes a wonderful shield for the nymph Thetis son, Achilles.Hera:  Hera ha tes the Trojans and tries to harm them by getting around her husband, Zeus.Hermes:  Hermes isnt yet the messenger god in the Iliad, but he is sent to help Priam get to Achilles to ask for the corpse of his beloved son Hector.Iris: Iris is the messenger goddess of the Iliad.Menelaus: Helens aggrieved husband and the brother of Agamemnon.Nestor:  An old and wise king of Pylos on the Achaean side in the Trojan War.Odysseus:  The lord of Ithaca who tries to persuade Achilles to re-join the fray. He plays a much larger part in The Odyssey.Paris:  Aka Alexander, the son of Priam. Paris plays a cowardly role in The Iliad and is helped by the Trojans gods.Patroclus: The beloved friend of Achilles who borrows his armor to go lead the Myrmidons against the Trojans. He is killed in battle, which results in Achilles re-joining the fray to kill Hector.Phoenix: A tutor of Achilles who tries to persuade him to re-join the battle.Poseidon:  Sea god who supports the Greeks, basically.Priam :  Another old and wise king, but this time, of the Trojans. He fathered 50 sons, among whom are Hector and Paris.Sarpedon: The Trojans most important ally; killed by Patroclus.Thetis:  Nymph mother of Achilles who asks Hephaestus to make her son a shield.Xanthus: A river near Troy known to mortals as Scamander, and its god, who favors the Trojans.Zeus:  King of the gods who tries to maintain neutrality in order to make sure fate isnt thwarted; father of Trojan ally Sarpedon.

John Constable Free Essays

Constable, John – 1776–1837, English painter, b. Suffolk. Constable and Turner were the leading figures in English landscape painting of the 19th cent. We will write a custom essay sample on John Constable or any similar topic only for you Order Now Constable became famous for his landscapes of Suffolk, Hampstead, Salisbury, and Brighton. The son of a prosperous miller, he showed artistic talent while very young but did not devote himself to art until he was 23, when he went to London to study at the Royal Academy. Influenced by the 17th-century landscape painters Ruisdael and Claude Lorrain, his poetic approach to nature paralleled in spirit that of his contemporary, the poet Wordsworth. Constable’s direct observations of nature and his free use of broken color were extraordinary in his day. He received but modest recognition in England, being tardily admitted to the Royal Academy in 1829. His work was more popular in France. In 1824, his View on the Stour (1819) and The Hay Wain (1821; National Gall. London) were exhibited at the Salon in Paris, winning gold medals. His work made a profound impression on the French romantics including the young Delacroix and Bonington. Later his painting influenced the Barbizon school and, more indirectly, the general course of French 19th-century landscape art. In the United States he is represented in the Metropolitan Museum and the Frick Collection, New York City, in the Mellon Center for British Art, New Haven, Conn. , and in the galleries of Phila delphia, Toledo, and Chicago. Splendid examples of his work are contained in the National Gallery, London and the Victoria and Albert Museum. See catalogue of the latter collection by G. Reynolds (1960); C. R. Leslie, Memoirs of the Life of John Constable (enl. ed. 1937); collections of his letters by P. Holmes (1931) and R. B. Beckett (1962); biography by B. Taylor (1973); studies by C. Peacock (rev. ed. 1972) and R. Gadney (1976). The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout Hauspie Speech Products N. V. All rights reserved. How to cite John Constable, Papers

Financial Accounting And Human Resource Management

Question: The following context is provided for the questions. You have recently been appointed as a Manager for the Procurement Cost Unit at Braemer Shipping Ltd. Your employment starts on January 1st Year 0, and you find in place a 12-month budgeted Income Statement as presented below. Figures are expressed in GBP (000). Braemer Shipping Ltd - Procurement Unit Budgeted Income Statement for the 12-month period Year 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total Sales revenues 52 55 59 65 55 53 57 59 62 65 68 72 722 Cost of sales (30) (31) (34) (37) (31) (31) (33) (34) (35) (37) (40) (42) (415) Salaries wages (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (120) Electricity (6) (6) (5) (4) (2) (2) (2) (2) (3) (5) (6) (7) (50) Depreciation (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (24) Other overheads (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (36) Total expenses (51) (52) (54) (56) (48) (48) (50) (51) (53) (57) (61) (60) (641) Profit 1 3 5 9 7 5 7 8 9 8 7 12 81 The business policy on trade receivables and trade payables is 30 days credit. Hence customers who receive an invoice in January will only pay in February and likewise, invoices received from the business suppliers in January will be paid in February. Prior to your arrival, the cash account has a credit of 70 from December of the previous year (Y -1) which is brought forward to January, giving you an opening cash balance of 70. Sales revenues in December Y-1 were 45 and costs of Sales 38. Three months into the job you are invited to attend Senior Management meeting, to which you propose that some changes be made to the existing policies, and these are: Starting April, suppliers will be paid after 60 days; As from July, inventory levels will be reduced by 3 per month in July, August and September to align with the low trading season, and will increase again by 8 per month in October, November and December to maximise sales revenues generated by consumers spending spree; As from April, electricity costs will be paid quarterly; The equipment for warehouse handling must be disposed of in December and a new system put in place using a standard 6 year leasing agreement. Senior Management has agreed to all your suggestions, and you can now implement them on schedule. Activity 1 on cash budget Prepare a cash budget for the 12-month period of Year 0 reflecting the effects of your new proposals. Activity 2 on budgeted P/L account and cash budget Using the budgeted Income Statement for Year 0, prepare the Income Statement forecast (budgeted) for year Y+1. Assumptions are: Electricity costs will decrease by 1 each month Sales revenues will increase by 5 each month Leasing fees on new equipment is set at 3 per month and the bank has arranged for the supplier to install it on January 03 of Year (Y+1). Prepare the cash budget for Y+1 on the basis of the assumptions listed above, AND including the changes you introduced in Year 0 cash budget. Briefly discuss the effects of your initiatives on the profitability of the business. Activity 3 on fixed asset The equipment used in the warehouse was bought 3 years ago (Y-3) at acquisition cost of 150 with a five years life and a residual value of 30. You can sell it on the market for 95 and buy a more energy efficient equipment. This sale will be realised on December 31, Y0, but the leasing agreement on the new equipment will be effective the following year (Y+1). You need to prepare the fixed asset statement for this equipment at the end of Year 0. Answer: Introduction A budget is defined as a long term plan which helps the business to estimate the level of expenses and the level of profit that the Business will earn in the future years. The organizations generally formulate different monetary plans and policies and make the expenses and the profits accordingly to facilitate a new budget. The plan in the budget helps the company to make sales and demand forecast. According to Samkin (2010) the importance of budget is as follows: To help the management perform, review and control To ensure that the business is moving according to plan by comparing the actual results with the budgeted results To take appropriate actions when disparity is noticed between the actual plan and the budgeted expenses The report here deals with the preparing of the cash budget of Global supply chain of Kawaski. The report shows the profit and loss statement as well as the cash budget statement for year Y+0 and the cash budget statement for the year Y+1. 1. Cash budget for 12 month period of Year 0reflecting the effects of new policy Cash Budget Year + 0 Jan Feb Mar April May June July August September October November December Trade receivables 65 52 55 59 65 55 53 57 59 62 65 68 Trade payables -35 -29 -31 0 -34 -36 -31 -29 -33 -34 -35 -36 Salaries -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 Electricity -2 -3 -4 0 0 -6 0 0 -5 0 0 -15 Overheads -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 Total -50 -45 -48 -13 -47 -55 -44 -42 -51 -47 -48 -64 Cash Surplus 15 7 7 46 18 0 9 15 8 15 17 4 Opening balance 50 65 72 79 125 143 143 152 167 175 190 207 Closing balance 65 72 79 125 143 143 152 167 175 190 207 211 The cash budget for Y+0 shows the trade receivables same as the given income statement. Before January trade receivable of 65 was incurred and hence the same has been included at the beginning of Y+0 Budget sheet (Modell, 2010). The same has been done in case of Trade payables. April is shown to be zero because from April the new policy of 60 days has been implemented. The electricity costs from April are made on quarterly basis and also reduced by 1 every month to cut the expenses as well as energy efficiency. 2.1 Forecasted P/L for year Y+1 Budget Profit and loss for year Y+1 Jan Feb Mar Aprl May June July August September October November December Sales revenue 55 58 62 68 58 56 60 62 65 68 71 75 Cost of sales -29 -31 -34 -36 -31 -29 -33 -34 -35 -36 -37 -39 Salaries and wages -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 Electricity -3 -4 -5 -5 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -5 -6 -7 Other overheads -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 Total expenses -45 -48 -52 -54 -46 -44 -48 -50 -51 -54 -56 -59 Profit 10 10 10 14 12 12 12 12 14 14 15 16 2.2 Cash budget of Y+1 year Cash budget Yr 1 Jan Feb Mar Arpl May June July August Sept Oct Nov Dec Trade Receivables 71 55 58 62 68 58 56 60 62 65 68 71 Trade payables -35 -36 -29 -31 -34 -36 -31 -29 -33 -34 -35 -36 Salaries -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 Electricity 0 0 -9 0 0 -6 0 0 -5 0 0 -15 Overheads -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 Total expenses -48 -49 -51 -44 -47 -55 -44 -42 -51 -47 -48 -64 Cash surplus 23 6 7 18 21 3 12 18 11 18 20 7 Opening balance 211 234 240 247 265 286 289 301 319 330 348 368 Closing balance 234 240 247 265 286 289 301 319 330 348 368 375 The year Y+1 budget have been prepared keeping in mind the changes in the previous budget. The opening balance has been derived from the closing balance of the Y+1 budget. This has helped the management to compare both the budgets so as to get a fair knowledge about the effectiveness of the policies (Horngren, 2013). 2.3 Techniques of working capital management Weetman (2010) opined that a direct relation between the working capital management and the budget affects the cash position of the business. Hence if the policies are made to control the budget then the policies will have a direct effect on the working capital structure of the company. The main components of a budget are Trade receivables and the trade payables. Horngren (2013) suggested that working capital cycle is in a simpler sense known as the Trading cycle. Hence the change in the days of trade receivable and trades payable makes changes in the budget as well as the working capital cycle of the company. For this reason to keep parity between the two the company can use two different policies namely the subjective approach and the objective approach. The other approaches that will help the company to prepare the budget are the determination of the Economic order quantity which will help the company to decide how much of a particular item should be ordered when the stocks reach replenishment level. Moreover the control of the trade payables is also a major issue of managing the balance. The trade payables arise when the business buy goods on credit (Epstein and Lee, 2010). To make timely payment of the trade payables the company must have a positive trade receivable policy. Here the trade receivable policy is 30 days and the trade payable policy is 90 days. This is giving the business sufficient time to collect money from the debtors to be able to make payment to the creditors. However Atrill and McLaney (2013) opined that if the trade payable cycle is less than the trade receivable cycle then the business would have to pay cash from store and this will in turn reduce the liquidity of the business. 3. Effects of disposal of equipment on business worth The 5 major T accounts that can be used for the calculation of the effect of fixed asst disposal as well as the effect of depreciation are namely fixed assets account, cash account, accumulated depreciation account, disposal of asset account and Profit and loss account (Blocher, 2013). Step 1: Debit Fixed asset a/c by 250 Step 2: Depriciation of (250-50) / 5= 40 is credited to accumulated depreciation a/c each year and debited to P/L account. Step 3: After three years the accumulated depreciation is 120 Step 4: The sale price is fixed at 110. At this point the accumulated depreciation is 120 making a net book value of (250-120) = 130 Step 5: The sale results is loss of 20. Step 6: closing of the accounts The fixed asset account will be closed by creating a disposal of fixed asset account and debiting the account by acquisition costs that is 250. The disposal account will further be credited by 110 of the sale price. The accumulated depreciation account will be closed by debiting 120 and crediting the disposal of fixed asset account. Step 7: Calculation of the net worth Sale + accumulated depreciation- acquisition cost = (110+ 120) 250 = (20) The amount is added to the loss of the year and will go to the shareholders funds to balance the net worth in the balance sheet. P/L account for Y-2 Jan Feb Mar Aprl May June July August September October Novemeber December Sales revenue 55 58 62 68 58 56 60 62 65 68 71 75 Cost of sales -29 -31 -34 -36 -31 -29 -33 -34 -35 -36 -37 -39 Salaries and wages -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 -10 Electricity -3 -4 -5 -5 -2 -2 -2 -3 -3 -5 -6 -7 Leasing fee -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 Other overheads -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 Total expenses -48 -51 -55 -57 -49 -47 -51 -53 -42 -57 -59 -62 Profit 7 7 7 11 9 9 9 9 23 11 12 13 4. Report analysis The Report shows the cash budget preparation of both Y+0 and Y+1 years. Since the changes in the polices have been made in order to prepare a new budget for Y+1 hence the report tries to analyze the changes in the cash flow registered due to changes made in the budget as the policies. The trade cycle has been changed which shows a positive effect on the cash balance of the Y+1 year. The trade receivable time has been decreased to 30 days which means that the company will be able to realize the cash faster. On the contrary, the trade receivables policy of the company has been increased to 90 days which means that the company will have ample amount of time to utilize the cash received for the payment of the creditors Finally the policy of reducing the electricity charges by 1 each month is a noble decision on the part of the management because it not only provides sustainable side to the company but also reduces the expenses thereby increasing the cash surplus. Another decision of making the quarterly payment of the electricity expenses showed a rise of the cash surplus in the quarters where the company did not need to make any payments. However it can be seen that a quarterly payment may increase the burden of the company to make overall expense payment in one month. Reference list Books Atrill McLaney, 8th edition. 2013.Accounting finance for Non-Specialists, pp.307-342. Blocher, E. (2013).Cost management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2010).Advances in management accounting. Bingley: Emerald. Horngren, C. (2013).Introduction to Management Accounting. Harlow: Pearson/Education. Weetman, P. (2010) Management Accounting, Chapters 1 2. Journals Modell, S. (2010). Bridging the paradigm divide in management accounting research: The role of mixed methods approaches.Management Accounting Research, 21(2), pp.124-129. Samkin, G. (2010).Qualitative research in accounting management. [Bingley, UK]: Emerald.